NY WORKERSâĂĂŽ COMPENSATION ALLIANCE (WCA)
Position On Governor Pataki's Proposed Changes To
The WorkersâĂĂŽ Compensation System
Budget Bill Article VII A.9561/S.6461
The New York workersâĂĂŽ compensation system is in need of changes to keep pace with the cost of living and to effectively deliver the basic medical benefits promised to injured workers by the State Constitution. In recent years it has become commonplace to accuse the current workersâĂĂŽ compensation system of providing too little in the way of benefits to injured workers while costing employers too much. Both of these criticisms are well founded. Unfortunately the legislation currently proposed by Governor Pataki will not provide the promised relief either to injured workers or to business.
The Governor's proposal is INADEQUATE. It provides too little in benefit increases to injured workers and contains no guarantees that it can deliver relief from the high cost of workersâĂĂŽ
compensation insurance.
The Governor's proposal is INSENSITIVE to the real needs of injured workers and to the plight of small businesses in New York.
The WorkersâĂĂŽ Compensation Alliance (WCA) is made up of legal professionals with extensive background working within the New York workersâĂĂŽ compensation system. We are comprised of over thirty law firms and corporations throughout the State that represent and provide service to injured workers We believe the workersâĂĂŽ compensation system can be successfully modified to
meet the needs of New York's injured workers and at the same time deliver cost savings to New York business.
âĂČ The WCA strongly favors a genuine benefit increase to injured workers. The WCA strongly opposes any attempt to reduce current benefits to injured workers by limiting the
scope of permanent disability benefits.
âĂČ The WCA strongly favors changes in the way medical benefits are delivered injured workers that will also yield significant cost savings to employers. The WCA believes
that real cost savings are possible but that they should not be found at the expense of the injured workers the statute has always served.
âĂČ The WCA strongly favors the absolute right of the injured worker to have his or her day in Court before a Judge. The WCA thus strongly opposes efforts to erode the due process guaranteed in the statute.
This paper will explore each of these areas in some detail. We will show (1) why a benefit
increase is needed and what would be necessary to provide genuine economic relief to injured workers. We will show (2) why cost savings should not be achieved by reducing basic economic benefits to injured workers, but should be focused on control of the real cost drivers of the system. Finally,we will show (3) why it's important not to take away the injured workersâĂĂŽ due process right to a hearing before a Judge, currently guaranteed in the State Constitution.
Why the GovernorâĂĂŽs Benefit Increase is Inadequate
In his proposal Governor Pataki seeks to raise the maximum rate of workers' compensation benefits from the current $400 per week to $500 per week by increasing the maximum rate by $25 per year between now and January 1, 2009. The Governor's proposal is both misleading and inadequate. It will actually leave injured workers in a position worse than they were on July
1, 1992 when the last increase in the workersâĂĂŽ compensation maximum took effect.
Currently,the maximum workersâĂĂŽ compensation rate in Connecticut is $931 per week and in New Jersey is $891 per week. Injured New York workers deserve benefits that will not force them into poverty.
A maximum rate of $500 in 2009, when adjusted to 1992 dollars will be significantly below what is necessary for the workers' compensation rates to keep pace with increases in the Consumer
Price Index (CPI). As computed by the Federal Reserve Bank, in order for the maximum compensation rate in 2004 to have the same purchasing power as it had in 1992 the rate should already have been raised to $538.56. The proposed maximum rate that would not become
effective until 2009 is only 92.8% of what the rate should have been in 2004 to keep pace with inflation. As prices continue to rise between now and 2009 the Governor's proposed rate increase will represent less and less real purchasing power to injured workers.
Any real increase in workersâĂĂŽ compensation maximum benefits should be tied to the state average weekly wage. WorkersâĂĂŽ compensation lost wage benefits are calculated as a percentage of average weekly wage. From the beginning of the New York workersâĂĂŽ
compensation system in 1914 it has been widely acknowledged that workersâĂĂŽ compensation benefits should equal two-thirds of a person's actual average weekly wage. The last benefit
increase in 1992 was calculated to achieve this goal. Any current modification of the workersâĂĂŽ compensation maximum rate should do the same. According to the New York State Department of Labor, in 1992 the state average weekly wage was $623.22. This meant that in 1992 the maximum workersâĂĂŽ compensation rate was approximately 64.2% of the state average weekly wage. By 2004 the state average weekly wage had increased to $960.64 leaving the maximum workers' compensation rate of $400 to represent only about 41.6% of the state average weekly wage. To keep pace with the increase in the state average weekly wage the rate in 2004 should have been increased to $616.57. If the governorâĂĂŽs proposal is enacted by 2009 the maximum workers' compensation rate of $500
will be only about 52% of the 2004 state average weekly wage.
The Governor cynically claims that his proposal constitutes a 25% increase in the maximum workers' compensation rates. In
fact, under his proposal the injured workers of New York State will be worse off in real dollars in 2009 than they were in 1992.It has been 16 years since the Legislature addressed the question of the maximum benefit in workersâĂĂŽ compensation. In the last 12 years achieving an increase of the maximum benefit has been a stumbling block for other real reforms in the workersâĂĂŽ compensation system. The only way to avoid this type of deadlock in the future is to permanently tie the maximum workersâĂĂŽ
compensation benefit directly to the state average weekly wage.
For this reason the WorkersâĂĂŽ Compensation Alliance asks the Legislature to consider permanently linking the maximum benefit level for workersâĂĂŽ compensation to two thirds of the state average weekly wage as computed by the New York State Labor Department.
Why basic economic benefits to injured workers should not be reduced
The most objectionable aspect of the Governor's proposal is the drastic reductions in benefits paid to permanently disabled injured workers. Under the Governor's proposal persons who have become permanently disabled due to a workplace injury would be completely cut off from wage loss benefits after a given number of years.
The Governor's proposal offers no alternative source of benefits to permanently disabled injured workers. It offers no help in rehabilitating permanently disabled injured workers. It simply tells injured workers who have lost their livelihood that they are out of luck. After the prescribed period of benefits, the economic security of the injured worker will become the responsibility of county and local government
welfare systems.
The apparent rationale for these proposed cuts to wage loss benefits is that paying benefits to persons who have a permanent disability is expensive. There is no doubt that such payments are expensive, but it is also the right thing to do. The WorkersâĂĂŽ Compensation Law in New York has historically promised workers who have been severely and permanently injured they will not
die in poverty. The Governor's proposal is nothing short of a cruel abandonment of the most seriously injured.
To understand how the Governor's proposal would affect permanently disabled workers consider the case of Mark, a 35-year-old pipe fitter. Mark was working at a high wage construction job making more than $1200 a week when a hose from a compressor broke loose and struck him in the back of the head. Mark suffered a severe traumatic brain injury. Even
after the best medical treatment available Mark will never be able to return to work. Indeed, Mark has been granted Social Security disability benefits because the federal government has
decided that he's unemployable. Under the current wage loss limits in the WorkersâĂĂŽ Compensation Law Mark receives $400 a week, the maximum possible. He has lost his home, his vehicle and his marriage. He had to declare bankruptcy. Once he started receiving Social Security disability benefits he was able to begin rebuilding his life because when combined with his continuing workersâĂĂŽ compensation benefits he could now afford a basic standard of living. If he loses his weekly workersâĂĂŽ compensation benefit, even the most basic lifestyle will be
unaffordable.
Or consider the case of Anne, a 45-year-old Emergency Medical Technician who worked at Ground Zero for three months after 9/11. Anne was earning more than $1000 a week and was a member of the EMT union. She was a "first responder" and is considered a hero by all accounts. In 2003, Anne developed a persistent cough that would not go away. She sought treatment from pulmonary specialists who informed her that she has Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease as a result of the toxins she inhaled at Ground Zero. Anne was prescribed multiple medications and tried to continue to work. However, as her disease progressed, and given the physical nature of the job, she soon had to stop working as an EMT permanently. If
she ever works again it will be for much less of a wage that she made as an EMT. Anne needs the permanent reduced earnings benefits provided by WorkersâĂĂŽ Compensation to survive.
Under the Governor's proposal MarkâĂĂŽs and AnneâĂĂŽs benefits would be ended after somewhere between 5 and 10 years of payments. The Governor's proposal would simply take away
necessary income replacement benefits from these permanently disabled workers. This loss of benefits will render these permanently disabled workers poverty-stricken and require them to
seek assistance from the welfare system. How fair is that to these seriously injured workers? How fair is the cost shifting to the average taxpayer?
Until and unless some solution is proposed that would guarantee the economic security of permanently injured workers, they should not be asked to fund insurance company profits or to
make an enormous sacrifice so that workersâĂĂŽ compensation insurance can be slightly more affordable.
While there is no question that workersâĂĂŽ compensation insurance needs to be made more affordable in New York, it is simply not right to ask the most seriously injured workers to be the
source of lower insurance premiums. The Legislature should seriously investigate other ways to lower premium costs. Some such ways are proposed in the Governor's legislation. The WCA
supports the proposed measures to lower medical costs by imposing new fee schedules and by reducing the amount of time it takes to get approval for medical services. The WCA also supports increasing innovative occupational safety programs and tax incentives for the safest employers. Surely there are more innovative ways to reduce the cost of workersâĂĂŽ compensation
insurance that do not demand the impoverishment of hard working New Yorkers who have had the unfortunate luck to be injured on the job.
Why the due process right to a hearing should not be reduced
Given the urgency and gravity of the lost wage and medical concerns that face a worker who is injured on-the-job, injured workers and those who employ them are currently guaranteed an
adjudicatory hearing, held at a meaningful time and in a meaningful manner. Section 20(1) of the WorkersâĂĂŽ Compensation Law provides that a hearing "shall" be ordered "upon application of
either party."
The GovernorâĂĂŽs proposal would eliminate this absolute right to a hearing by amending ÂŹĂ20 of the WorkersâĂĂŽ Compensation Law to allow for the scheduling of a hearing before an administrative law judge only after it is determined that the dispute cannot be resolved by undergoing non-binding "conciliation" procedures. This proposal is inconsistent with the due
process rights of both injured workers and employers. Not only does the governorâĂĂŽs proposal eliminate a fundamental right of the parties in workersâĂĂŽ compensation litigation, it does so for no real reason. This change will not result in any savings and will only prolong the time needed to resolve central issues; not a good bargain.
Not only does this proposal violate fundamental due process rights but it proposes to require use of a system of non-binding conciliation meetings that has already shown itself to be a failure
in resolving the common controversies that exist in many workersâĂĂŽ compensation cases. The conciliation process was instituted as part of the reforms of 1996. Since that time experience with the conciliation process shows it is inappropriate for resolving any true controversy. In fact, the WorkersâĂĂŽ Compensation Board currently uses the conciliation process only after the Board itself has determined that no true controversy exists. For this reason any statistics about the so called success of the conciliation process are deeply misleading. In fact, each and every time the conciliation process has been applied when a true controversy exists it has failed.
There's no doubt that there is a place in the workersâĂĂŽ compensation system for the conciliation process. Conciliation can be used effectively where the parties are in fundamental agreement.
However, is not uncommon that diametrically opposed positions that are not susceptible to negotiation and compromise are raised on fundamental issues in a case. To require that such fundamental disputes first undergo non-binding "conciliation" before being allowed an adjudicatory hearing imposes on the injured worker the burden of undergoing a wasteful and time-consuming layer of proceedings before any real opportunity for relief can be reached.
Take the common example of a construction worker who falls on-the-job and injures his shoulder. Because the treating physician believes the injury to be a rotator cuff tear, the
diagnostic test typically ordered is an MRI. If the MRI is positive, the injured worker will undergo surgery; a negative test means a course of intensive physical therapy. Any delay in diagnosis
risks a frozen shoulder.
If the MRI is granted shortly after the injury, the recovery time is usually six weeks or less. If the carrier refuses to authorize the MRI, the injured workerâĂĂŽs only practical recourse is to request an adjudicatory hearing. The precious time spent first attempting to
"conciliate" the matter will cost the claimant at least a four-month delay in being allowed the only practical opportunity he has to achieve a successful resolution of the dispute at an evidentiary
hearing. Unfortunately, during all of this time, the injured construction worker will have had little or no use of his painful arm, will be out of work and suffer a dramatic reduction in his wages, and ultimately have a diminished opportunity to completely heal. This unfortunate scenario will be played out time and again if the GovernorâĂĂŽs proposal is passed into law.
The fundamental requisite of procedural due process is the opportunity to be heard, by way of a hearing provided at a meaningful time and in a meaningful manner. There are few instances where the urgency to obtain relief is as profound as in a WorkersâĂĂŽ Compensation case. Unimpeded access to an adjudicatory hearing is the only effective means available to an injured
worker to obtain the lost wage and medical benefits that are so desperately needed.
Detailed analysis of the proposal
For the above reasons, the WCA takes the following positions on the GovernorâĂĂŽs proposed Article VII legislation, A.9561 and S. 6461, to amend the WorkersâĂĂŽ Compensation system:
The WCA FAVORS:
1. An increase in the maximum weekly benefit, and believes that benefits should be permanently set at two thirds of the state average weekly wage. We also support the
proposed increase in the disability insurance benefit level.
2. Cost savings that can be generated by the imposition of a fee schedule for medication as well as other medical services and the development of networks of providers so long as the injured worker continues to have the right to free choice of medical providers .
3. A raise in the prior authorization limit to $1000 thereby reducing the time needed to obtain necessary medical tests and treatment .
4. A reduction from 60 to 45 days for the Board to schedule a preliminary hearing in a controverted case.
5. The revision of the WorkersâĂĂŽ Compensation Board Medical Guidelines by a panel of medical experts working in consultation with legal practitioners .
THE WCA OPPOSES:
1. An inadequate increase in the maximum lost wage benefit.
2. A cap on benefits for those permanently disabled.
3. The elimination of the right to a hearing to resolve controversies.
4. The development of a pilot program for voluntary delivery of benefits outside of the WorkersâĂĂŽ Compensation Board.
5. Development of networks of medical providers controlled by insurance companies without right to free choice of providers by injured workers.
6. Elimination of the stenographic recording for evidence in workersâĂĂŽ compensation matters.
THE WCA takes no position on the other provisions in the Governor's proposal.
For further information please contact:
Richard D. Winsten, Esq.
Meyer, Suozzi, English & Klein, PC
One Commerce Plaza, Suite 1102
Albany, New York 12260
Phone: (518) 465-5551
Troy Rosasco Esq., Co-Chair Legislative Committee
Turley, Redmond, and Rosasco LLP
3075 Veterans Memorial Highway
Ronkonkoma, NY 11779
Phone: (631) 582-3700 ext. 123
John Sciortino, Esq., Co-Chair Legislative Committee
Segar & Sciortino, LLP
400 Meridian Centre ÂŹâ Suite 320
Rochester, NY 14618
Phone: (585) 475-1100
